How deficient skills affect specific learning tasks:

Although this learning system is far more complex than described in the model below, it is helpful in describing how deficiencies in any of these skills will affect learning.

Mental Skill Results if poorly developed:
Attention If attention skills are deficient, then the ability to stay on a task for long periods of time or ignore distractions would limit the ability of other mental skills. This can affect all academic areas.
Working Memory If you cannot retain information long enough to properly handle that information, learning will suffer.
Processing Speed If the speed of processing is slow, then the information held in working memory may be lost before it can be used, requiring to start all over again.
Visual Processing If visual manipulation or visual imagery is poor then those tasks that require seeing in your head (math word problems, and comprehension, etc.) will suffer.
Long-term memory If the abilities to store and retrieve information easily are poor, then wrong conclusions and answers will result.
Auditory Processing If blending, segmenting and sound analysis are poorly developed, then sounding out words when reading or spelling will be very difficult and result in errors.
Reasoning & Logic If these abilities are poor, then problem solving, math, and comprehension will be poor.
Comprehension If comprehension is deficient, understanding and making sense of new information will suffer.


It is also important to note that these skills do not work individually. Most work on every input, so the strength or weakness of one skill affects the effectiveness of other skills.

For example, reading comprehension is dependent on many skills, including; the ability to create mental pictures and images, attend to what is read, and the fluidity of reading (which itself is dependent upon the auditory processing system).

Yes, learning is a complex process...
However, by evaluating these underlying mental skills, it is possible for us to determine the real causes of learning difficulties and what skills need to be improved to make learning far better.

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